Memory

Directions:
Select the BEST response alternative for each of the questions below.

1. What is another name for "working memory?"

A) Immediate memory.

B) Processing memory.

C) Active memory.

D) Short-term memory.

2. If you see a bolt of lightning flash across the sky, you will have a visual memory of that stimulus for a brief second after it occurs. This sort of memory is called __________, which refers to our visual sensory memory.

A) photographic

B) eidetic

C) iconic

D) echoic

3. Which of the following types of information will be the easiest for us to encode and remember?

A) Information that holds some personal meaning to us.

B) Information that uses only one type of encoding, so that it does not become "muddled" on the way into our memories.

C) Information that is auditory in nature.

D) Information that is repeated to us more than one time.

4. Which type of encoding tends to lead to the longest amount of retention?

A) Visual encoding.

B) Semantic encoding.

C) Auditory encoding.

D) Iconic encoding.

5. According to research by Miller, what is the average number of pieces of information that people can hold in their working memory at any one time?

A) 3

B) 5

C) 7

D) 12

6. At a nightclub one evening, you are introduced to someone who you think is absolutely amazing - attractive, friendly, and well-spoken - and you are beaming when you come away from that conversation with a telephone number. Because you have nothing to write with, however, you continue repeating the number to yourself so you won't forget it until you write it down or store it in your cell phone. This process of repeating a stimulus again and again to keep it active in your memory is called:

A) semantic verbalizing.

B) working stimulation.

C) repetitive activation.

D) rote rehearsal.

7. When you are given a list of items to remember, you will probably have little difficulty remembering what came at the end of the list. This is known as the __________ effect.

A) trailing

B) subsequence

C) serial position

D) recency

8. While walking through the shopping center one day, Wayne passed a woman who was wearing the perfume that his ex-girlfriend wore many years ago. As soon as the scent hit is nose, Wayne stopped and was immediately flooded with images of the girl he once dated. He was surprised by this, because he wasn't even aware that he had remembered that particular scent and its association with that particular girl. This is an example of an __________ memory.

A) implicit

B) unconscious

C) overt

D) unintentional

9. The process of connecting a new bit of information that you want to remember to something that has been previously stored in your memory is called __________ rehearsal.

A) maintenance

B) semantic

C) elaborative

D) rote

10. A multiple choice examination is an example of a __________ task.

A) recall

B) cued forgetting

C) false memory

D) recognition

11. An essay examination is an example of a __________ task.

A) recall

B) cued forgetting

C) false memory

D) recognition

12. While lying on a beach getting some sun, you read your way through a long novel. When you are done, you flip back to the beginning and, just for fun, reread the first few chapters. You are amazed by the feeling that you've never read this before, even though you know you have. In this case, all of the information that you've encoded (new) since reading the first few chapters (old) has interfered with your memory. This is an example of __________ interference.

A) proactive

B) retroactive

C) contextual

D) literary

13. The __________ law states that, in general, performance peaks with a moderate level of arousal.

A) Yerkes-Dodson

B) Ebbinghaus

C) Atkinson-Shiffrin

D) Affective decay

14. After her car accident, Mollie had no memory of the party she'd been to in the hours before she suffered a head injury. She has no difficulties, however, encoding and storing new information. Mollie is suffering from __________ amnesia.

A) anterograde

B) retrograde

C) retroactive

D) proactive

End of Quiz!

Your score out of 100%: %

The correct answers are marked by a "C" in the box before each question. The incorrect questions are marked by an "X".

1.	What is another name for "working memory?"
	A)	Immediate memory.
	B)	Processing memory.
	C)	Active memory.
	D)	Short-term memory.
2.	If you see a bolt of lightning flash across the sky, you will have a visual memory of that stimulus for a brief second after it occurs. This sort of memory is called __________, which refers to our visual sensory memory.
	A)	photographic
	B)	eidetic
	C)	iconic
	D)	echoic
3.	Which of the following types of information will be the easiest for us to encode and remember?
	A)	Information that holds some personal meaning to us.
	B)	Information that uses only one type of encoding, so that it does not become "muddled" on the way into our memories.
	C)	Information that is auditory in nature.
	D)	Information that is repeated to us more than one time.
4.	Which type of encoding tends to lead to the longest amount of retention?
	A)	Visual encoding.
	B)	Semantic encoding.
	C)	Auditory encoding.
	D)	Iconic encoding.
5.	According to research by Miller, what is the average number of pieces of information that people can hold in their working memory at any one time?
	A)	3
	B)	5
	C)	7
	D)	12
6.	At a nightclub one evening, you are introduced to someone who you think is absolutely amazing - attractive, friendly, and well-spoken - and you are beaming when you come away from that conversation with a telephone number. Because you have nothing to write with, however, you continue repeating the number to yourself so you won't forget it until you write it down or store it in your cell phone. This process of repeating a stimulus again and again to keep it active in your memory is called:
	A)	semantic verbalizing.
	B)	working stimulation.
	C)	repetitive activation.
	D)	rote rehearsal.
7.	When you are given a list of items to remember, you will probably have little difficulty remembering what came at the end of the list. This is known as the __________ effect.
	A)	trailing
	B)	subsequence
	C)	serial position
	D)	recency
8.	While walking through the shopping center one day, Wayne passed a woman who was wearing the perfume that his ex-girlfriend wore many years ago. As soon as the scent hit is nose, Wayne stopped and was immediately flooded with images of the girl he once dated. He was surprised by this, because he wasn't even aware that he had remembered that particular scent and its association with that particular girl. This is an example of an __________ memory.
	A)	implicit
	B)	unconscious
	C)	overt
	D)	unintentional
9.	The process of connecting a new bit of information that you want to remember to something that has been previously stored in your memory is called __________ rehearsal.
	A)	maintenance
	B)	semantic
	C)	elaborative
	D)	rote
10.	A multiple choice examination is an example of a __________ task.
	A)	recall
	B)	cued forgetting
	C)	false memory
	D)	recognition
11.	An essay examination is an example of a __________ task.
	A)	recall
	B)	cued forgetting
	C)	false memory
	D)	recognition
12.	While lying on a beach getting some sun, you read your way through a long novel. When you are done, you flip back to the beginning and, just for fun, reread the first few chapters. You are amazed by the feeling that you've never read this before, even though you know you have. In this case, all of the information that you've encoded (new) since reading the first few chapters (old) has interfered with your memory. This is an example of __________ interference.
	A)	proactive
	B)	retroactive
	C)	contextual
	D)	literary
13.	The __________ law states that, in general, performance peaks with a moderate level of arousal.
	A)	Yerkes-Dodson
	B)	Ebbinghaus
	C)	Atkinson-Shiffrin
	D)	Affective decay
14.	After her car accident, Mollie had no memory of the party she'd been to in the hours before she suffered a head injury. She has no difficulties, however, encoding and storing new information. Mollie is suffering from __________ amnesia.
	A)	anterograde
	B)	retrograde
	C)	retroactive
	D)	proactive